Whilst in hospital, it is important that a child receives the necessary support for their growth and development and although a lot of children develop similarly it is important to note that each child is unique and that no two children will develop in exactly the same way.
Volunteer facilitate Play for Play’s Sake, rather than with a developmental or medical goal, however, having an understanding of child development may spark new ideas and make facilitating play easier.
Some important aspects of growth and development are:
• Physical and sensory development (body growth and movement)
• Cognitive development (thinking and understanding language)
• Language development (speaking and understanding language)
• Emotional development (expressing and managing feelings)
• Social development (mixing and getting on with others)
All these aspects are all connected and influence each other. Under stress a child may lose some skills or regress in their ability or desire to do things. Stress can be physical or emotional.
Having an idea of what children are typically able to do and like doing at various stages in their development makes it easier for volunteers to play with them, to understand them and their needs and to have a reasonable expectation regarding behaviour.
The following are age-appropriate activities which will support children with their development whilst in a hospital environment:
BIRTH TO 2 YEARS
Babies love to hear voices talking and singing, and love to watch people. They absorb everything they hear and see. Here are some suggestions regarding activities and toys for this age category:
2–3 YEARS
The toddler enjoys frequent, short play periods, often playing alone as they have not yet grasped the art of sharing. Toddlers often attach themselves to a particular small toy for comfort. They love messy play – for example, sand, water and paint.
4–5 YEARS
Preschool children are very active and are learning about the world around them. They start to play with other children and like to play ‘make believe’.
6–8 YEARS
Six to eight year olds are interested in games and social play. They can organise their own playgroups and enjoy realistic play with rules. They have developed their fine motor skills and have mastered the art of handwriting.
9–12 YEARS
Children in this age group are becoming increasingly independent and self-sufficient. Adults are needed more to supervise than to organise their activities. Acceptance in peer groups becomes more important.
13 YEARS AND OVER
This age group is focused on independence. Teenagers have a keen interest in games involving intellectual competition and enjoy challenging both their peers and adults.
Supporting all children and young people through Art
For additional ideas and supports click here for The Playful Project Manual